Xuplj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,d;Ndhu; ,lj;Jf;F nry;y kdpjd; gy;NtW tifahd thfdq;fis gad;gLj;Jfpwhd;. FWfpa J}u gazj;Jf;F irf;fps;> Nkhl;lhu; irf;fps;> fhu;> Ml;Nlh... vd;W Njitf;Fk; trjpf;Fk; Vw;g thfdq;fis gad;gLj;JtJz;L.

ePz;lJ}u gazq;fSf;F nuapy;> tpkhdq;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ,jpy; nuapy; gazj;Jf;nfd;W xU jdpr;rpwg;G vg;nghOJk; cz;L. $... $... vd $tpf;nfhz;L nry;Yk; ve;jpuf; Fapypd; XirAk;> 'jlf;... jlf;... vd;w xypAld; nry;Yk; mjd; fk;gPuKk; ghu;g;gtu; kdij nfhs;is nfhs;Sk;. ePuhtp %yk; ,aq;fj; njhlq;fpa nuapy;fs; ,d;W gupkhz tsu;r;rp ngw;W kpd;rhuk;> Bry; Nghd;wit %yk; ,aq;Fk; msTf;F Kd;Ndwp ,Uf;fpwJ.

tpkhdq;fspd; Ntfj;Jf;F Nghl;b NghLk; msTf;F nuapy;fspd; NtfKk; mjpfupj;Jf; nfhz;Nl tUfpwJ. mjpNtf nuapy;fspy; jz;lthsj;jpd; NkNy gwf;Fk; nuapy;fis cUthf;Fk; Kaw;rpfspYk; ,d;W kdpjd; ntw;wpfz;L tUfpwhd;. mJ njhlu;ghd mwptpay; njhopy; El;g jfty;fs; ,e;j thu 'mwptpay; mjprak;" gFjpapy; ,lk;ngWfpwJ.

cyf rKjhaj;jpw;Fk;> nghUshjhuj;jpw;Fk; cw;w Njhodhf 'nuapy;fs;" tpsq;fp tUfpd;wd. kdpj gazq;fs;> ruf;Ffs;> vupnghUl;fs;> fduf thfdq;fs;> mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fs; vd midj;ijAk; mjpf mstpy; Vw;wpr;nry;tjw;F nuapiy tpl;lhy; NtW thfdNk fpilahJ vd;W $wyhk;. Vio> eLj;ju tu;f;fj;jpdu;> gzf;fhuu; vd;W midj;J jug;G kf;fSk; gazk; nra;a VJthd xU 'r%f thfd Njhod;" nuapy;fs; vd;why; mJ kpifay;y.

czT trjp> gLj;J J}q;Fk; trjp> foptiw trjp> Fspu;rhjd trjp vd;W mj;jpahtrpa kw;Wk; nrhFR trjp midj;Jk; ,jpy; cz;L.

ePuhtpapd; Mw;wiy mwpe;j gpwF mjd;%yk; ,aq;Fk; tifapy; Kjy; nuapy; vd;[pd; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ mjd; Ntfk; kzpf;F rpy fpNyhkPl;lu; J}uk; jhd; vd;W ,Ue;jJ.

mjd;gpwF> kdpjdpd; Muha;r;rp jpwd; fhuzkhf nuapy; vd;[pd;> nuapy; Nghf;Ftuj;J mjp etPdkhdJ. mjpNtf nuapy;fis cUthf;Ftjpy; jPtpu Mu;tk; fhl;ba ehLfspy; [g;ghd; Kd;dzp tfpf;fpwJ. ''Gy;yl; bnuapd;"" vdg;gLk; mjpNtf nuapy;fis Kjd; Kjypy; cyFf;F mwpKfg;gLj;jpatu;fs; [g;ghdpau;fs; jhd;.

1964_k; Mz;L mf;Nlhgu; 1_e; Njjp 'Gy;yl;" nuapy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. Nlhf;fpNahtpy; xypk;gpf; Nghl;b ele;jNghJ ,e;j 'Gy;yl;" nuapy; tplg;gl;lJ. kf;fis ftUtjw;fhf kl;Lkpd;wp mjpNtf nuapy;fspd; cyf re;ijahf jd;id milahsk; fhl;bf;nfhs;s [g;ghd; Mu;tk; fhl;baJ.

[g;ghDf;F mLj;jgbahf mjpNtf nuapy;fis tbtikg;gjpy; gpuhd;R ehL Mu;tk; fhl;baJ. 1970_k; Mz;L b.[p.tp. (DGV) vd;w mjpNtf nuapy;fis gpuhd;R tbtikj;jJ. gpnuQ;R nkhopapy; 'mjpNtfkhf nry;Yk; nuapy;fs;" vd;gjd; RUf;fNk b.[p.tp. MFk;.

,NjNghy n[u;kd; ehl;bd; rpnkd;]; epWtdKk; kzpf;F 330 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj;jpy; nry;Yk; mjpNtf nuapy;fis cUthf;fpaJ.

mnkupf;fhtpd; jahupg;ghd 'Vnryh" kzpf;F 320 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfk; nry;yf;$baJ. ,NjNghy ,q;fpyhe;J> ,j;jhyp> ngy;[pak;> neju;yhe;J> Rtpl;ru;yhe;J> ijthd; kw;Wk; njd;nfhupahtpYk; mjpNtf nuapy;fs; Xbf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd.

mjpNtf nuapyhd Gy;yl; bnuapid jahupj;jtu; yPdpau; RNth rpd;fhd;nrd;. ,ijj; njhlu;e;J [g;ghdpy; Gy;yl; bnuapid 'rpd;fhd; nrd;" vd;Nw miof;fpd;wdu;. 1964_k; Mz;L Nlhf;fpNah - xrhfh ,ilNa jd; gazj;ij rpd;fhd;nrd; njhlq;fpaNghJ mjd;Ntfk; kzpf;F 200 fpNyh kPl;lu; Mf ,Ue;jJ. jw;NghJ ,jd;Ntfk; kzpf;F 500 fpNyhkPl;lu; Mf mjpfupj;Js;sJ.

jz;lthsj;jpy; kpjf;Fk; nuapy;

kpd;fhe;j tpir %yk; nuapiy ,af;Fk; Kiwf;F 'Nkf;ypt; Kiw" (Maglev System) vd;W ngau;. kpd;fhe;j tpir %yk; nuapiy> jz;lthsj;jpy; ,Ue;J Nky; cau;j;jp kpje;J nry;YtJjhd; Nkf;ypt; Kiwapd; rpwg;gk;rk;.

kpd;fhe;j tpirfis cw;gj;jp nra;tjw;fhf nuapypd; mbg;gFjp apy; flj;jp fhe;jq;fisAk; (Super Conducting Magnets+) epyj;jpy; kpd; fk;gp RUs;fspYk; (Coil) nghUj;jg; gLfpwJ.

fhe;jq;fs; nghUj;jg;gl;l nuapy; Ntfkhf nry;Yk;NghJ kpd; fk;gp RUspy; kpd;rhuk; cw; gj;jp nra;ag;gl;L ,it kpd;fhe;jq;fshf khw;wg;gLfpwJ. ,jd; tpisthf Vw;gLk; tpirfs; kpFjp flj;jp fhe;jq;fis (nuapiy) Nky; Nehf;fp js;SfpwJ. ,t;thW fpilf;Fk; tpirfs; jz;lthsj;jpy; ,Ue;J nuapiy NkNy J}f;fp epWj;j cjTfpwJ.

,U fhe;jq;fSf;F ,ilNa J}z;lg;gl;l vjpu;js;S tpir kw;Wk; ,O tpir fhuzkhf nuapy; Kd;Ndhf;fp mjptpiuthf js;sg;gLfpwJ. ,jdhy; nuapypd; rf;fuq;fs; mjpNtfkhf XLk; NghJ jz;lthsj;ij njhLtjpy;iy.

[g;ghdpd; rpd;rhd; nuapy; mjp Ntfkhf nry;Yk;NghJ jz;l thsj;jpy; ,Ue;J 10nrd;b kPl;lu; cauj;jpy; kpjf;Fk;. Kjypy; ,e;j nuapy; Gwg;gLk;NghJ jdJ gazj;ij jz;lthsj;jpy; njhlq;Fk;. gpd;du; 100 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj;ij vl;baJk; jz;l thsj;ij tpl;L caNu vOg;gp gwe;jgb nry;Yk;.

Nkf;yptpd; Muha;r;rp 1962_y; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;L 1970_y; kpFjpf; flj;jp fhe;jq;fs; %yk; kpd;dp af;fk; %yk; NknyOg;gp kpjf;Fk; Kiw xU tbtj;jpw;F te;jJ. 1979 Kjy; NrhjidNahl;lk; elj;jg; gl;lJ. 1989_k; Mz;L brk;gu; khjj;jpy; 3 ngl;bfisf; nfhz;l nuapy; kzpf;F 352.4 fpNyh kPl;lu; vd;w Ntfj;jpy; nrd;W jdJ rhjid jlj;ij gjpj;jJ. 1997_k; Mz;L brk;gu; khjk; vk;. vy;.vf;]; qfy01vd;w nuapy; 531 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj;ijAk;> Mspy; yhky; ,af;fg; gl;l nuapy; 550 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj; ijAk; vl;baJ. 1999_k; Mz;L khu;r; khjk; 5 ngl;bfisf; nfhz;l Mspy;yhqfy01kzpf;F 548 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj;ijAk;> 5 ngl;bfisf; nfhz;l ,aq;Fk; qfy01 kzpf;F 552 fpNyh kPl;lu; vd;w rhjidia Vw;gLj;jpaJ. ,jd; mjpNtf ,Ug;Gg; ghijfis Rw;wp Ntypfs; mikf;fg;gl;L ,jd; jz;lthsq;fs; kpfTk; cd;djkhd Kiwapy; guhkupf;fg;gLfpwJ. fle;j ,UgJ tUlq;fspy; ehs;NjhWk; jd; gazj;ij njhlu;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j mjpNtf nuapy;fspy; rpy> rkaq;fspy; jlk; Guz;lhYk; (<f;R'$qP*f;*Q;) gazpfSf;F ve;jtpj Mgj;ijAk; Vw;gLj;jtpy;iy vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ,e;j mjp Ntfj;jpy; nry;Yk;NghJ nuapy; rpf;dy;fisf; fhz;gJ Kbahj fhupak;. ,jdhy; midj;J rpf;dy; jfty;fSk; nuapypd; cs;Ns nrYj;jg;gl;L mq;Fs;s fz;fhzpg;G jpiuapy; njupAk;gbahf mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. ngUk;ghyhd mjpNtf nuapy;fspy; nray;$Wfs; ,yf;f Kiwfs; %yk; (<$fP$Q;"qPqPl;) fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;L ,d;iwa etPd cyfj;jpw;F Vw;w Cu;jpahf tpsq;FfpwJ.

(mLj;j thuk;: ',wf;if" nghUj;jg;gl;l gwf;Fk; nuapy; gw;wpa mwptpay; jfty;fs; ,lk;ngWfpwJ.)