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Ke;ija ,jo;fs; |
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mLj;J tUgitfs; |
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kpd;rhu fk;gpfs; %yk; ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;Gfs; |
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 jfty;
njhlu;G Jiwapy; ',d;lu;nel'' vdg;gLk; (,izak;
rhu;e;j) njhopy;El;gk; kpf Kf;fpa ,lj;ij
gpbj;Js;sJ. fbjq;fs;> Ngf;];> njhiyNgrp %yk;
jfty;fis gupkhwpf; nfhz;lJ Nghy; jw;NghJ ,iza
jsq;fs; %yk; jfty;fs; gupkhw;wk;> kpd; mQ;ry;fs;
mDg;Gjy;> ngWjy; Nghd;wit mjpfupj;J tUfpwJ.
xUtu; ,d;lu;nel; trjpfis mjw;fhd ikaq;fspy;
ngwyhk;. my;yJ mYtyfk;> tPLfspy; mjw;fhd trjpfis
nra;J nfhs;syhk;. ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;ig ngw
nlypNghd; ,izg;G mtrpakhFk;. jw;NghJ nlypNghd;
,izg;G ,y;yhky; tPLfSf;F kpd;rhuk; toq;Fk; kpd;
fk;gk; %yk; ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;Gfis toq;Fk; Ma;Tfs;
ele;J tUfpwJ.
kpd;rhu fk;gpfs; %yk; ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;Gfs; ngWtJ
njhlu;ghd mwptpay; jfty;fs; ,e;j thu mwptpay;
mjprak; gFjpapy; ,lk; ngWfpwJ.
mwptpay; njhopy;El;gk; ehnshU NkdpAk; nghOnjhU
tz;zKkhf tsu;e;J tUfpwJ. xt;nthU ehSk; Gjpa Gjpa
njhopy; El;gq;fs; mwpKfg; gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
Kjypy; xU Gjpa njhopy;El;gk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;
nghOJ mjpy; eilKiw rpf;fy;fs; Vw;glj;jhd;
nra;Ak;. mtw;iw fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf;nfhs;shky; mij
nray;gLj;Jk; Kidg;gpy; jhd; jPtpuk;
fhl;lg;gLfpwJ. ehsiltpy; rpf;fy;fs;> jilfs;
ePf;fg;gl;L mij Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; mjpf <LghL
fhl;lg;gLk;.
me;j tifapy; kpd;rhu fk;gp %yk; ,d;lu;nel;
,izg;Gfis toq;FtJ Fwpj;j Ma;Tfs; eilngw;W
tUfpd;wd.
FWfpa fhyj;jpy; mgupkpjkhd tsu;r;rpia ,d;lu;nel;
ngw;Ws;sJ. tsUk; ehLfspy; %iy KLf;Ffspy; $l
,d;lu;nel; trjp fpilf;Fk; msTf;F Kd;Ndw;wk;
Vw;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
nlypNghd; ,izg;G %yk; kl;LNk ,d;lu;nel; trjpia
ngw KbAk; vd;w epiyia khw;wp kpd;rhu fk;gp
topahfTk; ,d;lu;nel; trjpia mspf;f KbAk; vd;W
tpQ;Qhdpfs; $Wfpd;wdu;.
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 kpd;rhu
fk;gp %yk; jfty; njhlu;G Vw;gLj;Jk; Ma;T 1950-k; Mz;by;
kpf jPtpukhf ,Ue;jJ. 'gpuhl;Ngz;l;" vd;W
miof;fg;gLk; Kiw %yk; kpd; fk;gpfis gad;gLj;jp jfty;
njhlu;G trjpfis cUthf;f jPtpu Ma;Tfs; eilngw;wJ.
,e;j epiyapy; '`hk;' NubNah MgNul;lu;fs; kpd;rhu tbfhy;
(outlet)
fis ,izajs Jiw (port)fshf
khw;Wk; KiwfSf;F tpj;jpl;ltu;fs;. ,jd; mbg;gilapy;
kpd;rhu fk;gpfs; %yk; re;jhjhuu;fSf;F ,izajs Nritfis
nfhLf;f KbAk;. ,e;j Kiwf;F b.v];.vy;. (D.S.L.
- Digital subscriber line)
vd;W ngau;. xNu fk;gpapy; kpd;rhuk; kw;Wk; ,izajs
Nritfis gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; Fiwe;j fl;lzj;jpy; nghJkf;fs;
gyd; ngwKbAk;.
NkYk; kpd;rhuk; ,y;yhj gFjpNa ,y;iy vd;W nrhy;yf;$ba
msTf;F vy;yh ,lq;fSf;Fk; kpd;rhuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy;>
njhiyNgrp trjp ,y;yhj gy fpuhkq;fs; cs;sd. mg;gbgl;l
,lq;fSf;F kpd; fk;gpfs; %yk; ,d;lu;nel; Nritia vspjpy;
mspf;fyhk;.
kpd;rhu fk;gp %yk; ,d;lu;nel; trjp mspf;Fk; tifapy; 'rhjdk;"
xd;W cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,ij gy;NtW fk;g;a+l;lu;
epWtdq;fSk; kpd;dZ nghUl;fs; jahupf;Fk; epWtdq;fSk;
jahupf;fpd;wd.
ekJ tPl;Lf;F kpd;rhu ,izg;G jUk; kpd; fk;gj;jpy; ,e;j
rhjdj;ij nghUj;jp tpl;lhy; NghJk; tPl;Lf;F kpd;rhu
,izg;G tUtJNghy ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;Gk; fpilj;JtpLk;.
Mg;gps; fk;g;a+l;lu; epWtdk; 'Vu;Nghu;l; vf;];gpu]"'
vd;w Gjpa rhjdj;ij jahupj;Js;sJ. ,ij kpd; fk;gp
Nkhlj;Jld; ,izj;J tpl;lhy; fk;gpapy;yh njhlu;G trjpia
ve;j xU kpd; rhf;nfl;bYk; nghUj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.
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,e;j trjpfis
mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L gy mnkupf;f epWtdq;fs; Nrhjid
Kiwapy; kpd; fk;gp %yk; jfty; njhlu;Gfis Vw;gLj;Jk;
jpl;lj;ij njhlq;fpAs;sd. fypNghu;dpahtpy; ,Ue;J
rpndu;[p> vbrd; Nghd;w kpd; rf;jp epWtdq;fs; ,jw;fhd
Ma;Tj;jpl;lj;jpy; jPtpuk; fhl;b tUfpd;wd.
NkYk; gy tpjkhd Kd;Ndw;wq;fSf;F top tFf;fg;NghFk; ,e;j
jpl;lj;jpy; gpugy epWtdq;fSk; ,ize;Js;sd.
kpd; fk;gp %yk; ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;Gfis toq;FtjpYk; gy
njhopy;El;g rpf;fy;fs;> ,ila+Wfs; Vw;glj;jhd; nra;jd.
jfty;fis ngWtjpy; Vw;gl;l ',iur;ry;" ,jpy; xU Kf;fpa
gpur;rpidahf ,Ue;jJ. jw;NghJ cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s etPd
fUtpfs; %yk; njspthd Kiwapy; jfty;fis ngw KbfpwJ.
,e;j njhopy;El;gk; jq;fSf;F ,ila+whf ,Ug;gjhf '`hk;"
NubNah MgNul;lu;fs; Gfhu; $wpdhu;fs;. NkYk; tpkhd epiya
jfty; njhlu;Gfspy; gad;ghl;Lf;Fk; ,e;j njhopy;El;gk;
FWf;fPLfs; Vw;gLj;Jtjhf $wg;gl;lJ. ,ijj; njhlu;e;J
FiwghLfs; ,y;yhj tifapy; ,izg;Gfisj; jUk; fUtpfs;
tbtikf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.
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 vjpu;fhyj;jpy;
kpd; fk;gpfs; %yk; ,d;lu;nel; ,izg;G trjp fpilf;Fk; NghJ
ekJ ehl;by; Fwpg;ghf fpuhkg;Gwq;fspy; $l ,d;lu;nel;
vd;gJ ru;trhjhuzkhfptpLk;. NkYk; ,d;lu;nel; trjpiaj; Njb
ntspapy; vq;Fk; nry;y Ntz;bajpy;iy. Fiwe;j nrytpy; ekJ
tPl;bNyNa me;j trjpia ngwKbAk;.
,e;j tpQ;Qhd Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd; %yk; cyfNk xt;nthU tPl;bw;
Fs;Sk; Rod;W nfhz;bUf;Fk; tha;g;G rhjhuzkhfptpLk;.
Fwpg;ghf tptrhapfspd; tPl;by;$l.
,dpNky; kpd;rhu fk;gpfs; kpd; tpsf;Ffis xspu itf;f
kl;Lky;y cq;fs; mwpitAk; xspu itf;f tUfpwJ.
(mjprak; njhlUk;)
jfty; njhFg;G:
vk;.N[.vk;.,f;ghy;>
Jgha;. |
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gtu; iyd;
fk;a+dpNfrd; vdg;gLk; kpd; fk;gp %yKk; jfty; njhlu;G
trjpapd; %yKk; gy ed;ikfis ehk; ngw KbAk;. mtw;wpy;
rpy...
*
kpd;rhu fk;gpfs; %yk; tPLfSf;F> mYtyfq;fSf;F kpd; ,izg;G
nfhLf;fg;gl;L kpd; tpsf;F vuptJ Nghy kpd;rhu fk;gpia
gad;gLj;jp mjd; %yk; jfty;fis mDg;gyhk;> ngwyhk;.
*
fl;blq;fs;> thfdq;fs; Nghd;wtw;wpYk; ,ij gad;gLj;j
KbAk;.
*
Vw;fdNt cs;s kpd;rhu ,izg;ig gad;gLj;jp ,e;j trjpia ngw
KbAk;. ,jd; fhuzkhf nryTfs; FiwAk;. (Gjpjhf ,d;lu;nel;
,izg;G ngw nlypNghd; nryT cs;gl gy nryTfs; Mfpd;wd. kpd;
fk;gp %yk; ,d;lu;nel; trjp ngWk; NghJ me;j nryTfs;
,Uf;fhJ.)
*
,ij guhkupf;f nryT vJTk; ,y;iy.
*
gOjiltJ> NfhshWfs; Vw;gLtJ Nghd;wit kpf FiwT.
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1920-k; Mz;L
mnkupf;f epWtdk; xd;W kpd;rhu fk;gpia gad;gLj;jp
jfty;fis gupkhwpf;nfhs;Sk; Kiwia mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. jdp
njhiyNgrp ,izg;G vJTk; ,d;wp kpd; flj;jpfs; cjtpAld;
,e;j gupkhw;wk; eilngw;wJ. ,e;j gupkhw;wk; Fiwe;j nryT
kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G kpFe;jjhf ,Ue;jJ.
,e;jpahtpy; 1950-k; Mz;L ,e;j Kiw gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 30
Kjy; 50 fpNyh n`u;l;]; msT miytupir nfhz;l xyp miyfis
kpd; fk;gp %yk; mDg;g mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
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