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njhiytpy;> ntF J}uj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; nghUl;fis ghu;f;f igdhf;Fyu;
kw;Wk; nly];Nfhg;fs; (njhiyNehf;fpfs;) cjTfpd;wd. ,jpy;
igdhf;Fyu; %yk; Fwpg;gpl;l njhiytpy; cs;s nghUl;fis kl;Lk; jhd;
ghu;f;f KbAk;.
 nkfh
nly];Nfhg;gpd; rf;jp tha;e;j fz;zhbfs;-
ntF njhiytpy; mjhtJ tpz;ntspapy; cs;s gpw Nfhs;fs;> el;rj;jpu
kz;lyq;fs; kw;Wk; ghy;ntsp tPjpapy; cs;s nghUl;fis gw;wp
Muha-njupe;J nfhs;s mjpf rf;jp tha;e;j njhiyNehf;fpfs;
gad;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ. tpz;ntsp Muha;r;rpf;F gad;gLj;Jk;
njhiyNehf;fpfs; ngUk;ghYk; G+kpapy; cs;sd. rpy njhiyNehf;fpfs;
kl;Lk; tpz;ntspapy; Rod;wgb Ma;Tg;gzpapy; <Lgl;L tUfpd;wJ. ,jw;F
cjhuzk; `g;gps; nly];Nfhg; MFk;.
nly];Nfhg;ig Kjd; Kjypy; fz;Lgpbj;jtu; N[d; ypg;gu;i\.
gy fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; vjpu;ghuhj tpjkhf xU tpgj;J Nghyj;jhd;
fz;Lgpbf;fg;gLfpwJ. nly];Nfhg; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lJk; ,g;gb xU
vjpu;ghuhj jUzj;jpy; jhd;.
Mye;J ehl;by; cs;s kpby; gu;f; vd;w efuj;jpy; %f;F fz;zhb
jahupf;Fk; njhopy; nra;J te;jtu; N[d; ypg;gu;i\. 1608-k; Mz;L xU
ehs;... N[d; jdJ fz;zhb miwapy; mku;e;J fz;zhb jahupf;Fk; Ntiyia
nra;J nfhz;L ,Ue;jhu;. mg;NghJ mtuJ Foe;ijfs; tPl;Lf;F ntspNa
rpy fz;zhb nyd;Rfis itj;J tpisahbf;nfhz;L ,Ue;jdu;. ,uz;L
tpj;jpahrkhd nyd;Rfis mUfUNf itj;J ghu;j;jNghJ ntF njhiytpy;
cs;s khjh Nfhtpypd; NfhGuk; njupe;jJ. clNd Foe;ijfs; Xbg;Ngha; ,ij
jq;fs; je;ijaplk; njuptpj;jdu;.
N[d; Mr;rupaj;Jld; Foe;ijfs; nrhd;dgb fz;zhb nyd;Rfis
itj;Jg;ghu;j;jhu;. Foe;ijfs; nrhy;tJ cz;ik vd;W czu;e;J nfhz;lhu;.
,g;gbj;jhd; Kjd; Kjyhf nly];Nfhg; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lJ.
nly];Nfhg;gpid mjpf mstpy;> ,d;Dk; nrhy;tnjd;why; Kjypy;
gad;gLj;jpatu; fyPypNah jhd;.
1609-k; Mz;L ,tu; nly]; Nfhg;Gfis gad;gLj;jp tpz;ntsp
Muha;r;rpapy; <Lgl;lhu;. 1610-k; Mz;L fyPypNah rdp fpufj;jpd;
tisaq;fis fz;Lgpbj;jhu;. njhlu;e;J [{gpl;lu; fpufj;jpw;F 4
Kf;fpa Jizf;Nfhs;fs; ,Ug;gijAk; fz;Lgpbj;jhu;.
mjd;gpd;du; ru; Irf; epïl;ld; njhiyNehf;fpapy; rpy khw;wq;fis
nfhz;Lte;jhu;. njhlu;e;J eilngw;w Muha;r;rpfs; %yk; mjp etPd
njhiyNehf;fpfs; cUthf;fg;gl;ld.
jw;NghJ cyfpd; kpfg; ngupa nly];Nfhg; mnkupf;fhtpy; cs;s `thap
efupy; cs;sJ. ,q;Fs;s kTdh fpah vd;w kiy cr;rpay; ,e;j nly];Nfhg;
mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd; ngau; nff; nly];Nfhg; (Keck
telescope;) ,J ,uz;L nly];Nfhg; ,ize;jjhFk;.
,ijtpl ngupajhf rpypapy; jw;NghJ fl;lg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,jw;Fk;
ngupjhf xU nly];Nfhg; cUthf;f INuhg;gpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T epiyak;
jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ.
 `g;gps;
nly];Nfhg; -
,Jtiu cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s nly];Nfhg;Gfspy; mjpf rf;jp tha;e;jJ
G+kpapy; ,y;iy. mJ tpz;ntspapy; Rw;wpf;nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwJ. mJ jhd;
`g;gps; nly];Nfhg;. G+kpapy; cs;s nly];Nfhg;Gfis tpl mstpy;
rpwpajhf ,Ue;jhYk; mit midj;ijAk; tpl mjpf rf;jptha;e;jjhFk;.
jw;NghJs;s nly];Nfhg;ig tpl ngupa nly];Nfhg; xd;W rpyp gFjpapy;
cUthf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,J njhlu;ghd jfty;fis ,e;j thuk; fhz;Nghk;.
rpyp ehl;bd; tlf;F gFjpapy; mika ,Uf;Fk; ,e;j nkfh nly];Nfhg; ,J
tiu cUthd nly];Nfhg;Gfspy; mjpf rf;jp tha;e;jjhf ,Uf;Fk;. mjhtJ
jw;NghJs;s nly];Nfhg;Gfspy; rf;jp tha;e;j `g;gps; nly];Nfhg;ig
tpl 10 klq;F Jy;ypakhdjhf ,Uf;Fk;.
cyfpNyNa kpfg;ngupa ,uhl;rj njhiyNehf;fpahd ,J 18 khbf; fl;bl
cau mstpy; Mapuk; ld; vilAs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;. mjdhy; jhd; ,jw;F jp
n[ad;l; nkfy;yd; nly];Nfhg; (gaint
magellan telescope;) vd;W
ngaupl;Ls;sdu;.
M];jpNuypa Njrpa gy;fiyf; fofk; (Australian
national university) cl;gl 9
Muha;r;rp epWtdq;fs; ,ize;J ,ij tbtikf;fpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk;
gpugQ;rk; kw;Wk; fWg;G Jthuj;ijAk; (Black
hole) ehk; fhz KbAk;. gpugQ;rj;jpy;
R+upa FLk;gj;ijAk; jhz;b ,Jtiu ehk; fhzhj rpy mupa jfty;fisAk;>
tptuq;fisAk; ,e;j nkfy;yd; nly];Nfhg; %yk; fhz KbAk;.
,jd; kw;nwhU rpwg;gk;rk; ,jd; %yk; ve;j R+o;epiyapYk; njspthd
fhl;rpfis jUk;. mjhtJ Gtp kz;lyj;ijj; jhz;b vj;jidNah Rw;Wg;Gw
kw;Wk; thdpiy khw;wq;fs;> tpz;ntsp kw;Wk; Vidaf; Nfhs;fspy;
Vw;gLk; Rw;Wg;Gw R+o;epiyfspy; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs; ,itfspdhy;
ve;j jilNah> ,lu;fNsh Vw;glhJ.
,e;j nkfh nly];Nfhg; 7 ngupa fz;zhbfisf; nfhz;L tbtikf;fg;gLfpwJ.
,jdhy; rhjhuz nly];Nfhg;Gfs; %yk; fhz;gijtpl fWg;G Jthuq;fs; (black
hole) gw;wpa vz;zw;w tpNdhj
jfty;fis tpz;ntsp Muha;r;rpahsu;fs; mwpa KbfpwJ.
 ,jid
cUthf;Ftjw;F jpl;lkpl;bUf;Fk; nkhj;j nryT 310 kpy;ypad; gTz;Lfs;
MFk;. ,e;jpa &ghapy; ,jd; nkhj;j nryT fpl;lj;jl;l 2>600
NfhbfshFk;. ,Jtiu 9.5 kpy;ypad; gTz;Lfs; (Rkhu; 80 Nfhb &gha;)
nryT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
7 ngupa fz;zhbfspy; xt;nthd;Wk; 8.4 kPl;lu; tpl;lj;ijf; nfhz;lJ.
20 ld; vilAs;s cUf;fg;gl;l fz;zhbg; nghUl;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;L
rpwe;j njhopy;El;gj;Jld; nkU$l;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.
`Kjy; fz;zhbapd; Nrhjid gytiffspy; elj;jg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
Vndd;why; ,J jw;nghOJ cs;s njhiyNehf;fpfis tpl mjpfj; jpwd;
nfhz;ljhf tpsq;f Ntz;Lk;'> vd;W ,jd; Muha;r;rpahsu; lhf;lu;
VQ;ry; $Wfpwhu;. midj;J (7) fz;zhbfSk; nghUj;jg;gl;lTld;
njhiyNehf;fp ,yf;if ghu;g;gjw;F jFe;j mstpy; 24 kPl;lu;
FWf;fstpy; mikAk;.
njhiyNehf;fpapypUe;J tpz;Zf;F nrYj;jg;gLk; Nyru; fjpu;fs; %yk;
tpz;zpy; Vw;gLfpw Rw;Wg;Gw R+o;epiyfs; mstPL nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,jd;%yk;
vy;yh tpjkhd ,lu;fSk; mfw;wg;gl;L tpz;zpy; el;rj;jpuq;fis
mg;gbNa xspUk; jd;ikNahL fhz KbfpwJ. fzpdp fl;Lg;ghl;Lld; ,aq;ff;$ba
,ae;jpug; nghwpfs; %yk; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk; fjpu;fs; xt;nthU
fz;zhbapd; Gwg; gug;igAk; rupnra;J njspthd tpz;ntsp ,yf;fpd;
Njhw;wj;ijf; fhz cjTfpwJ. njhiyNehf;fpia nghUj;Jtjpy; kw;nwhU
gpur;rpid vd;dntd;why; gyj;jf; fhw;W. fhw;wpdhy; njhiyNehf;fp
mjd; epiyapypUe;J khwptplhky; rupahf nghUj;jpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
lhf;lu; VQ;ry; $Wifapy;> "fhw;W Nghd;wtw;wpdhy; njhiyNehf;fp mjd;
,yf;fpd; jd;ikapypUe;J khwhky; ,Ug;gjw;F xU mq;Fyj;jpy; yl;rk;
msT tiu rupahf nghUj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;'' vd;fpwhu;.
,e;j njhiyNehf;fpapd; fl;Lkhdg; gzpfs; 2015k; Mz;by; epiwT ngWk;
vd;W vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
,g;nghOJ njhiyNehf;fpapy; gpugQ;rj;ijAk;> tpz;ntspiaAk; fhz;gJ
mupjhdhYk; ehsiltpy; ,J ru;t rhjhuzkhfp Rw;Wyhg; gazpfSk;
Rw;Wyhj; jyq;fspypUe;Nj gpugQ;rj;ij urpf;Fk; mstpw;F tUk; fhyk;
ntF njhiytpy; ,y;iy vd;Nw $wyhk;.
 njhlUk;...
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