eif fil Glitf; fil Nghd;wtw;Wf;F ebfu;> ebiffis mioj;Jr; nrd;W upg;gd; ntl;baJ me;jf;fhykhfp tpl;lJ. [g;ghdpy; ,g;Nghnjy;yhk; vjw;F vLj;jhYk; Nuhgl;ilf; $g;gpL vd;whfp tpl;lJ. ,q;Nf glj;jpy; Gjpa rPUilia ntspapLk; Ntiyiar; nra;fpwJ fpa+ upNah vd;w ve;jpu kdpjd;. [g;ghd; ehl;bd; vyf;l;uhdpf;]; nghUl;fs; jahupg;G epWtdkhd Nrhdp ,e;j fpa+ upNah ve;jpu kdpjid jahupj;Js;sJ. 2006k; Mz;L eilngWk; cyf Nfhg;ig fhy;ge;J jFjp Rw;Wg;Nghl;bapy; fye;J nfhs;Sk; [g;ghd; fhy;ge;J mzpapd; rPUil mwpKf epfo;r;rp Nlhf;fpNahtpy; ele;jJ. mg;NghJ fpa+upNah Nuhgl; rPUilia ntspapl;l fhl;rp ,J.

[g;ghd; ehl;by; gy;NtW NjitfSf;Fk; Vw;w tifapy; Nuhgl;Lfs; jahupf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.mjpy; xd;Wjhd; bk;Rf;-4.

,J elf;Fk;> NgRk;> ehk; nfhLg;gij thq;fp ifapy; itj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;. ,jw;F fl;lisfis nry;Nghd; %yk; nfhLf;fyhk;. tpahghu epWtdq;fspy; thbf;ifahsu;fSf;F Njitahd cjtpfis nra;Ak; msTf;F ,e;j Nuhgl; jpwd; nfhz;lJ. rkPgj;jpy; Nkw;F [g;ghdpy; ele;j tpohtpy; bk; Rf;-4 njU tpy; Cu;tykhfr; nrd;wJ. mg;NghJ xUtu; nfhLj;j czT nghl;lyj;ij thq;fpaNjhL mtUf;F ed;wpAk; nrhd;dgb ele;J nrd;wJ.

rhjhuzkhf kdpju;fshy; nra;af;$ba xU gzpia> xU fUtp my;yJ jhdpaq;fp ve;jpuk; nra;Akhdhy; mJjhd; 'Nuhgl;" MFk;.

'Nuhgl;" vd;w thu;j;ij 1921_k; Mz;L cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. nrf;fRNyhtf;fpah ehl;ilr; Nru;e;j ehlf Mrpupau; fhuy; fhngf; vd;gtu; 1921_y; xU ehlfk; vOjpdhu;. mjpy;jhd; mtu; 'Nuhglh" (Robata) vd;w thu;j;ijia gad; gLj;jpdhu;. (nrf;fRNyhtf;fpah nkhopapy; 'Nuhglh" vd;why; 'jpzpf;fg;gl;l Ntiy" vd;gJ nghUshFk;. gpd;du; 'Robata" 'Nuhglh" vd;w nrhy; 'Nuhgl;" Mf kUtpaJ.)

fhuy; vOjpa ehlfj;jpd; ngau; 'Nuh];rk;]; a+dptu;ry; Nuhgl;];" ehlfj;jpd; fijg;gb tpQ;Qhdp xUtu; 've;jpu Ntiyahl;"fis cUthf;Ffpwhu;. gpd;du; mtNu Gj;jprhypj;jdj;ijAk; me;j ve;jpu Ntiyahl;fSf;F nfhLf;fpwhu;. ,ijaLj;J me;j ehlfj;jpd; ve;jpu Ntiyahl;fs; kdpju;fSf;F vjpuhf Nghuhl;lj;jpy; <LgLfpd;wd. mg;NghJ Vw;gLk; fytuj;jpy; kdpj ,dj;ijNa Nuhgl;Lfs; mopj;J tpLtjhf ehlfj;jpd; fij vOjg;gl;L ,Ue;jJ. (,Nj fUj;ij itj;J gy Mq;fpy rpdpkh glq;fs; vLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ epidtpUf;fyhk;)

mwptpay; vOj;jhsu; Irf; mrpNkht; 1941_k; Mz;L 'Nuhghbf;];" vd;w thu;j;ijia gad; gLj;jpdhu;. 'Nuhgl;L"fs; vg;gb ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; vd;w tpjpKiwiaAk; mtu; cUthf;fpdhu;. ve;j #o;epiyapYk; kdpju;fSf;F vjpuhf> kdpju;fSf;F Mgj;J Vw;gLj;Jk; tifapy; ve;jpu kdpju;fs; cUthf;fg;glf;$lhJ vd;W mtu; jdJ tpjpKiwapy; Fwpg;gpl;L ,Ue;jhu;.

kdpjd; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffspd; gof;f tof;fq;fis gpujpgypf;Fk; Nuhgl;Lfspd; mbg;gil tbtikg;G> Nuhgl;Lfs; jahupf;fg;gLk; Kiw> mtw;wpd; nray;ghLfs; Nghd;wit Fwpj;J mLj;j thuk; fhz;Nghk;.

jfty; njhFg;G :
vk;.N[.vk;. ,f;ghy;> Jgha;.  

xt;nthU nghUSf;Fk; VjhtJ xU rupj;jpu gpd;dzp ,Uf;Fk;. ve;jpu kdpjd; vd;W miof;fg;gLk; 'Nuhgl;"Lf;Fk; xU goikahd tuyhW ,Uf;fpwJ. fpNuf;f ehl;by; fp.gp. 8-k; E}w;whz;by; ele;j xU epfo;r;rpia 'Nuhgl;"bd; Muk;gk; vd;W $Wfpd;wdu;.

me;j fpNuf;f Guhzj;ij ePq;fSk; njupe;J nfhs;Sq;fNsd;.

irg;u]; ehl;il igf;khypad; vd;w kd;dd; Mz;L te;jhd;. ngz;fs; vd;whNy mtDf;F ntWg;G. ngz;fisg; gw;wpa jtwhd jfty;fisr; nrhy;ypNa mtid tsu;j;J te;jdu;. ,jdhy; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;shky;> ngz;fis ghu;f;fhjtdhf> gpuk;kr;rhupahf tho;e;J te;jhd;.

rpw;gf;fiyapy; jpwik ngw;w igf;khypad; je;jj;jpy; xU rpiy nra;jhd;. mJ xU ngz; cUtk;. kpFe;j <L ghl;Lld; rpiyia nra;jjhy; mJ kpfTk; mofhd Njhw;wj;jpy; mike;jJ. ep[khd ngz; Nghy me;j rpiy ,Ue;jJ.

rpiyapd; mofpy; kaq;fpa kd;dd; mij jd; Njhopahf epidj;J Ngrp kfpo;e;jhd;. gpd;du; mJ fhjyhf kyu;e;jJ. ngz; rpiyAld; rpupj;Jg; NgRtJ> NghFk; ,lk; vy;yhk; rpiyia J}f;fpr; nry;tJ> rpiyf;F gupR nfhLj;J kfpo;tJ vd;W fhjy; igj;jpakha; khwpg; Nghdhd; kd;dd;.

,e;j epiyapy; fpNuf;f fhjy; ngz; nja;tkhd tPd]; nja;tj;Jf;F jpUtpoh te;jJ. ,jpy; fye;J nfhz;l kd;dd; tPd]; nja;tj;jplk; kdk; cUfp gpuhu;j;jpj;jhd;. ngz; rpiyNa jdf;F kidtpahf Ntz;Lk; vd;W tuk; Nfl;lhd;.

kd;ddpd; Nfhupf;ifia Vw;W rpiyia ngz;zhf khw;wpaJ. me;jg; ngz;Zf;F NfyB vd;W ngau; #l;b jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhd; kd;dd; igf;khypad;. ,tu;fSf;F xU ngz; Foe;ijAk; gpwe;jJ. me;j Foe;ijf;F ghNgh]; vd;W ngaupl;ldu;.

mwptpay; Mjpf;fj;jpd; fjpu;fs; cyif n[hypf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. xU Gwk; mwptpay; Jiwapy; mghu tsu;r;rp> njhopy; El;g Gul;rpfs;> Nghf;Ftuj;jpy; rhjidfs; vd;W mwptpay; Mjpf;fj;jpd; gl;bay; ePSfpwJ.

kWGwk; nghUshjhu Njitfs; fhuzkhf vijAk; mtru mtrukhf nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;ba fl;lhak;> tu;j;jf Jiwapy; fLikahd Nghl;b... Nghd;wit fhuzkhf kdpjd; ve;jpu fjpapy; ,aq;fp tUfpwhd;.

kdpju;fs; ve;jpukhf ,aq;Fk; mNj Neuj;jpy; ve;jpuq;fs; kdpj tbtk; vLf;fj; njhlq;fpAs;sd. mJ jhq;f 'Nuhgl;".

Nuhgl;Lfs; cUthf fhuzk; vd;d?

'kdpjdpd; Njitfs;" vd;gJjhd; ,jw;F RUf;fkhd gjpy;.

msthd kf;fs; njhif. xU fhupaj;ij Kbf;f fhyf;nfL vJTk; ,y;yhj epiy. jd; Njitfis kl;LNk G+u;j;jp nra;tjw;F Vw;w nghUshjhuk; vd ,Ue;jJ me;jf; fhyk;.

Mdhy; ,g;NghJ epiyik Kw;wpYk; jiyfPohf khwptpl;lJ. %r;R Kl;Lk; msTf;F kf;fs; njhif ngUf;fk;. cyf re;ij fis Fwp itj;J elf;Fk; tpah ghuk;. mjw;F Njitahd njhopy; El;gk; kw;Wk; gzpfis mtrukhfTk;> mNj rkak; Jy;ypakhfTk; nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;ba fl;lhaj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwJ ,d;iwa epfo;fhyk;.

,e;j epfo;fhy neUf;fbfis rkhspf;f fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lJ jhd; 'Nuhgl;". md;whl rhjhuz gzpfs; Kjy; njhopw;rhiyfspy; eil ngWk; fbdkhd gzpfs; tiu midj;J tpjkhd gzpfisAk; nra;Ak; jpwd; nfhz;ljhf 'Nuhgl;"Lfs; jahupf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.

ve;jpu (Nuhgl;) njhopyhsu;fs; ,uT - gfy; ghu;g;gjpy;iy> Cjpa cau;T> Nghd]; Nfl;L nfhb gpbg;gjpy;iy. ve;j gpujpgyDk; vjpu;ghuhky; jq;fSf;F nfhLj;j gzpfis rupahf nra;J Kbf; fpd;wdu;.

cyf re;ijapy; Kd;dzp tfpf;Fk; ehLfsplk; ,e;j (ve;jpu) njhopyhsu;fs; cjtp ,y;yhky; tpahghuj; Jiwapy; rpwe;J tpsq;f KbAkh? vd;W Nfl;lhy; 'KbaNt KbahJ" vd;W $Wthu;fs;.

ve;jpu kdpju;fs; vdg;gLk; 'Nuhgl;"Lfs; gy Jiwfspy; gy tbtq;fspy; ru;trhjhuzkhf rhjid gilj;Jf; nfhz;bUf; fpd;wd.

kdpjd; ghjp kpUfk; ghjp...

kdpjDila Gj;jprhypj;jdk;> tpyq;FfSf;Fupa mghu rf;jp - ,it ,uz;Lk; fye;j fyitahf Nuhgl;Lfs; cUthf;fg;gL fpd;wd. kdpjdpd; cly; mikg;G 5 Kf;fpa gFjpfs; nfhz;lJ. mit...

1) cly; fl;likg;G

2) clypy; cs;s jirfs;

3) cly; kw;Wk; Rw;Wr;#oypy; fpilf;fg;ngWk; jfty;fis mwptjw;fhd czu;T Kiw (Sensory System - nrd;rhu; rp];lk;)

4) jirfs; kw;Wk; czu;Tfs; nray;gLj;j Njitahd rf;jp (Power Source  - gtu; Nrhu;];)

5) czu;T %yk; ngwg;gLk; jfty;fis fl;lisfshf khw;wp clypd; jirg;gFjpf;F mDg;Gk; %is.

,j;Jld; rpe;jpf;Fk; jpwd;> ey;yJ> nfl;lij mwpAk; jd;ik Nghd;w mupjhd tuq;fis kdpj capupdq;fs; ngw;Ws;sd.

,NjNghy 5 Kf;fpa ghfq;fisf; nfhz;L 'Nuhgl;"Lfs; tbtikf;fg;gLfpd;wd. mjhtJ kdpj clyikg;G khjpupNa Nuhgl;LfspYk; xU efUk; clyikg;G> xU Nkhl;lhu; gFjp> xU czu;T (nrd;rhu;) gFjp> xU rf;jp %yk; kw;Wk; fk;g;a+l;lu; (%is) vd 5 Kf;fpa gFjpfs; cs;sd. Nuhgl;Lfspd; ,af;fj;ij fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; '%is"jhd; fk;ga+ïl;lu; gFjp.

RUf;fkhfr; nrhy;tJ vd;why; kdpjd; gilj;j tpyq;fpdNk Nuhgl;. kdpjd; ghjp kpUfk; ghjp fye;J nra;j fyitfs; ,it.

rf;jp kpf;f> ngupa tpyq;Ffspy; xd;whd ahidia xU kdpjd; jd; Gj;jprhypj;jdj;jhy; gof;fp mbikg; gLj;Jfpwhd;. me;j ahidia eha;f;Fl;b Nghy tpul;b Ntiyfis nra;fpwhd; kdpjd;. mJ Nghyj;jhd; ve;jpu kdpjDk;.

Foe;ijfisAk;> FLk;gj;jpdiuAk; kfpo;tpf;Fk; eha;f;Fl;b Kjy; njhopw;rhiyfspy; Mgj;jhd Ntiyfspy; <LgLtJ tiu gy ,lq;fspy; ve;jpu kdpjdpd; Mf;fpukpg;G Ntfkhf gutp tUfpwJ.